Tuesday 30 September 2014

Information Transmitted By MWD Drilling Software

By Karina Frost


Measurement While Drilling is abbreviated as MWD. It is used to take the measurement of the inclination angle against the vertical line through the process. MWD drilling software then takes up all these values.The oil well paths are plotted in 3-D using this information. Communication between the operator and the floor is crucial and is provided by this software.

The software transmits information on the direction the well is being drilled. Directional survey can be done by the software and sent in real time. Azimuth and the inclination angle of the drill hole are measured by the magnetometers and accelerometers in it. Immediately information on them has been measured it is transmitted to the surface for analysis

The location of the wellbore can be obtained by data taken at intervals between ten meters to five hundred meters send to the surface. The informative shows the company if the location drilled is or is not within their exploration block. It is not necessary to get this information when you wellhole is being drilled vertically or at a very small angle from the vertical line.

Drilling has to be done is a specific direction or in a directional-drilling. The information that is obtained from the MWD tools guides the driller on steering the process in the direction to the target zone. Bent housing or bent subs aid in directional operations with the MDW providing toolface measurements from the downholde mud motors.

There is the smoothness of rotation, mud flow volume, downhole temperature, the drillstring speed of rotation, and the weight and torque on the bit, this information is sent to the mechanics of the drill bit which leads to more efficient operations. The tools are also used in accordance with their specifications thus cannot break down. Understanding the rock formation of the area is crucial to geologists.

MWD tools are able to measure the properties of the formation and send the information to drillers when process is ongoing. The measure of the formation properties can be done by the MWD then sent to the drillers while operation is in progress. This information is basically used in geosteering to the targeted zone. The data obtained varies It is from variants such as porosity, acoustic-caliper, density, inclination at the drill bit and resistivity that this information oscillates.

The MWD tool is fitted with gamma ray sensors on the inside which are used to measure the natural gamma rays occurring at the well. They are very compact and cheap and can take measurements of unmodified drill collars during the process. The lifespan of drill bits in greatly increased when using the software and costs of creating the hole reduced.

There are two types of transmission of data on drilling; either mud-pulse telemetry method or electromagnetic telemetry. The functioning of the mud-pulse telemetry method is where the mud valve deep down the hole restricts the flow of slurry thus brings about the differences in pressure which are sent to the surface for further analysis. There are three types of pulses; positive, negative pulse or continuous wave.

MWD software analyzes voltage signals transmitted through electromagnetic telemetry method. These voltage signals are generated as a result of altered voltage differences in the lower and upper parts of the electrical insulator in the drillstring. Wires attached to the wellhead and the rod form the electrodes for information transmission.




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