Thursday 12 December 2013

PCB Design Services And Solutions

By Jeannie Chapman


PCB design services involve specialized activities aimed at creating an optimum printed circuit board layout using CAD software and other specialized PCB design tools. There are different kinds of PCBs and the process for each one may vary a bit. Regardless of the type of board or layout, though, it's always going to be roughly the same multi-stage designing process that begins with schematic capture.

Information about three key aspects of the project must be provided by the client to the designer. The schematic is obviously the most important thing. Note that it may also be in the netlist format. The netlist file contains the circuit's connectivity details and descriptions for the components.

The BOM or bill of materials is another key requirement which contains a listing of all the components to be used and their footprints. Some designers offer to do the component footprint capture process too. All this and the board outline together provide the designer with everything needed for getting started with the design process.

There are many intermediate techniques used in several stages that build on the schematic or netlist. These functions include things such as library development, signal integrity checks, stress analysis, thermal simulation and EMI checking. All this leads up to the generation of the gerber file. This is the most commonly used format used for transferring complete PCB images ready for manufacturing.

Designers must be able to work on complex solutions involving everything from digital and analog to RF circuits and mixed PCBs. The board can be designed as per specifications as a single or double sided board, or a multi-layered one. The size is also likely to vary, and so will other factors such as component quantities and pin densities.

Another important thing that has to be decided in the designing stage is about the characteristics of the board. The most critical thing is deciding the technique used for creating traces and mounting components. The most widely used solution is surface-mount technology.

Using this surface-mount technique, the end caps are directly soldered now on the same side of the board. This new method has almost completely replaced the earlier through-hole boards. In these older boards, leads were inserted from one side of the board and soldered onto traces on the other side.

Designing new boards is just one part of the services offered by PCB designers. They may also be asked to perform other functions such as evaluate designs, along with the components used and their footprints. Clients sometimes ask them to assist with procurement of prototypes and check for availability and pricing information against the BOM contents.

As a matter of fact, PCB design services continue to be required even after the product is delivered. Customers frequently need to make changes, and reorders bring a lot more business. Reverse engineering is another service that needs a highly skilled designer. In this case, the designer is given the gerber file and must come up with the schematic or netlist, which the client can then use for making wide-ranging changes.




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